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If you have an all chain rode its nice to have a windlass. If you have a line and chain rode and are using a windlass make sure you are using a good anchor to line splice. There are many models out there but the three main types are
1) Manual windlasses.
2) Electric windlasses.
3) Hydralic windlasses.
Generally they are durable and trouble free. The things that might go wrong are usually caused by operator use or poor maintenance. For example:
1) Incorrect chain sizing , for example 1/4'' chain can come in three different types.
A) BBB chain.
B) Proof coil chain.
C) High test chain.
Each of these types has slightly different dimensions so make sure you get exactly the right chain for your windlass drum ( also called a Wildcat or Gypsy). If you are unsure take the windlass drum off and go to a store which carries those types of chain. Experiment till you get the exact fit.
2) Another common problem is not snubbing the anchor chain which means it will have very little give with regards to the boat movement. In extreme cases it can snap the drum right off the windlass. Picture
Snubbing is the practice of allowing the anchor rode to have a certain amount of stretch or give to help absorb anchoring shock from the boats movement. Usually this is done by tying a piece of line about 10'-15' to the chain using a rolling hitch.picture.
Then tie the line to a strong cleat at the bow and allow the line to take the load by letting extra chain out. I recommend 3/8'' 3 strand line up to 40' boat unless weather is real rough.If so go to 1/2'' 3 strand line. Some people use a hook on a piece of 3 strand to take the snubbing load, but I've lost several hooks doing this and have lost my confidence in them.
3) Another thing is to keep an eye out for corrosion. Regularly flush the windlass with fresh water and keep covered as much as possible. I also like to spray a corrosion inhibitor like "Corrosion Block" or " CRC's Corrosion inhibitor"
4) Also check the angle of pull on the rode to the windlass. It should be horizontal or preferably pulling at a little below the horozontal angle.